"Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)" found 230 records

Summary: This portion of the recording includes Alfred Bingham's reading of an essay written by Captain Thomas S. Guns describing the Lozells district, as well as quoting single sentences of various other writers on the topic of Deer Lake and the Burnaby Lake District. Alfred mentions the first schools of B…

1 image 1 audio

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Summary: This portion of the recording includes Alfred Bingham's reading of an essay written by Captain Thomas S. Guns describing the Lozells district, as well as quoting single sentences of various other writers on the topic of Deer Lake and the Burnaby Lake District. Alfred mentions the first schools of Burnaby Lake and the "pleasure walk" along Douglas Road, from Vancouver to New Westminster.

Date Range: 1892-1955

Photo Info: Alfred Bingham, April 20, 1947. Item no. 010-066

Length: 0:07:38

Historic Neighbourhood: Lozells (Historic Neighbourhood); Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Scope and Content: Recording is of Alfred Bingham's writings, as read by Alfred Bingham. Major themes discussed are: Pioneers, early days in Burnaby and the Co-op Movement. To view "Narrow By" terms for each track expand this description and see "Notes".

Biographical Notes: Alfred "Alf" Bingham was born in England in 1892 and moved to Canada in 1912. His first job in Canada was laying track for the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTPR) from Edmonton to McBride in 1912. His second was in Vancouver at the Rat Portage Mill on False Creek, working on the Resaw machine. He quit after one week due to poor working conditions. After taking part in the 1919 Winnipeg General Strike as a delegate of the Retail and Mailorder Union (A.F.L.) on the Winnipeg Trades and Labour Council, Alfred moved to Burnaby where he and fellow Burnaby residents Aungus McLean and Percy Little worked ten hour days to build a Shingle Mill on the edge of Burnaby Lake for Simpson & Giberson. George Green, carpenter and millwright (author of “The History of Burnaby”) also helped in the construction of the mill. Alfred built his own home from lumber cut from the mill in the Lochdale area on Sherlock Street between Curtis Street and Kitchener Street. On April 10, 1920 Alfred married Mary Jane “Ada” Reynolds. Alfred and Ada often took in foster children during their marriage. Due to her nursing experience, Ada was often called upon to deliver babies in the Burnaby area. Alfred and Ada Bingham were instrumental members of the Army of the Common Good, collecting vegetables and grains from growers in the area and even producing over 125 tons of vegetables from its own gardens to feed children and youth suffering from the lack of resources during the Depression years. The army was in operation for ten years and during that time the members organised the Credit Union movement of British Columbia and drew up the Credit Union act thorough the Vancouver Co-operative Council. They also started Co-Op stores and the Co-Op Wholesale Society. Alfred was also Secretary of the Burnaby Housing committee and in 1946 he became the Secretary of the North Burnaby Labour Progressive Party (LPP). Mary Jane “Ada” (Reynolds) Bingham died on August 9, 1969. Her husband Alfred died on April 29, 1979.

Total Tracks: 12

Total Length: 1:38:06

Interviewee Name: Bingham, Alfred "Alf"

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Oral history subseries

Transcript Available: MSS142-001 contains transcripts for each of the short stories

Media Type: Sound Recording

Web Notes: Interview was digitized in 2010 allowing it to be accessible on Heritage Burnaby. The digitization project was initiated by the Community Heritage Commission with support from City of Burnaby Council and the BC History Digitization Program of the Irving K. Barber Learning Centre, University of British Columbia. It was recognized by the Heritage Society of BC with an award in 2012.

Images

Alfred Bingham, April 20, 1947. Item no. 010-066 thumbnail

Audio Tracks

Track four of recording of Alfred Bingham's writings

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/media/hpo/_Data/_Archives_Oral_Histories/_Unrestricted/100-13-20-2/100-13-20-2_Track_4.mp3

Anderson family

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37447

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1961 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.1 x 3.5 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 25.4 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the Anderson family at the back of their home at 3908 Norland Avenue (previously numbered 4437 Norland Avenue). Left to right: Cliff Anderson (son), Janet Anderson (daughter), and Robert "Bob" Anderson (father). The background includes the area of the Trans Canada Highway before it w…

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1961 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.1 x 3.5 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 25.4 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-035

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of the Anderson family at the back of their home at 3908 Norland Avenue (previously numbered 4437 Norland Avenue). Left to right: Cliff Anderson (son), Janet Anderson (daughter), and Robert "Bob" Anderson (father). The background includes the area of the Trans Canada Highway before it was built.

Names: Anderson, Cliff; Anderson, Janet; Anderson, Robert "Bob"

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying

Geographic Access: Norland Avenue

Street Address: 3908 Norland Avenue

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Anderson family, 1961 (date of original), copied 1991 thumbnail

Anderson family home

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37432

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1949 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.2 x 4.2 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 25.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the front of the Anderson family home at 4437 Norland Avenue (later renumbered 3908 Norland Avenue). Robert and Madelaine Anderson lived here with their family.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1949 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.2 x 4.2 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 25.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-020

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of the front of the Anderson family home at 4437 Norland Avenue (later renumbered 3908 Norland Avenue). Robert and Madelaine Anderson lived here with their family.

Subjects: Buildings - Residential - Houses

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying

Geographic Access: Norland Avenue

Street Address: 3908 Norland Avenue

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Anderson family home

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37448

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1962 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.1 x 3.8 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 25.4 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the front of the Anderson family home at 3908 Norland Avenue (previously numbered 4437 Norland Avenue) in the snow.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1962 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.1 x 3.8 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 25.4 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-036

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of the front of the Anderson family home at 3908 Norland Avenue (previously numbered 4437 Norland Avenue) in the snow.

Subjects: Buildings - Residential - Houses; Natural Phenomena - Snow

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying

Geographic Access: Norland Avenue

Street Address: 3908 Norland Avenue

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Anderson family home, 1962 (date of original), copied 1991 thumbnail

Audrey Pontifex

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37921

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1941 or 1942] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.9 x 2.6 cm print on contact sheet 20.7 x 26.5 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Audrey Pontifex at the front of 4006 Douglas Road (old numbering) and Gilpin Street.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1941 or 1942] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.9 x 2.6 cm print on contact sheet 20.7 x 26.5 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-509

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of Audrey Pontifex at the front of 4006 Douglas Road (old numbering) and Gilpin Street.

Names: Devereux, Audrey Pontifex

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying; Negative has a pink cast

Geographic Access: Gilpin Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Audrey Pontifex, [1941 or 1942] (date of original), copied 1991 thumbnail

Audrey Pontifex at Burnaby Lake

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37916

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [between 1945 and 1949] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.9 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.7 x 26.5 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Audrey Pontifex standing beside the water at Burnaby Lake.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [between 1945 and 1949] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.9 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.7 x 26.5 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-504

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of Audrey Pontifex standing beside the water at Burnaby Lake.

Subjects: Geographic Features - Lakes and Ponds

Names: Devereux, Audrey Pontifex

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying; Negative has a pink cast

Geographic Access: Burnaby Lake

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Burnaby Lake Area

Images

Audrey Pontifex at Burnaby Lake, [between 1945 and 1949] (date of original), copied 1991 thumbnail

The "Back Lane"

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription91858

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1965

Collection/Fonds: Small family fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 9.5 cm x 9.5 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the back lane between Dominion Street and Norfolk Street. The lane is filled with trees, including a large cedar tree (centre) and cherry tree (left). The photograph was taken looking east along the lane. In 1965-66 the lane was put through from Douglas Road to Royal Oak and the tr…

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1965

Collection/Fonds: Small family fonds

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 9.5 cm x 9.5 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 620-039

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No reproduction permitted

Accession Number: 2017-01

Scope and Content: Photograph of the back lane between Dominion Street and Norfolk Street. The lane is filled with trees, including a large cedar tree (centre) and cherry tree (left). The photograph was taken looking east along the lane. In 1965-66 the lane was put through from Douglas Road to Royal Oak and the trees and undergrowth were removed.

Subjects: Plants - Trees; Geographic Features - Lanes

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Transcribed title; Title transcribed from donor's notes; Note in blue ink on verso of photograph reads: "P.2"; Note in blue ink on verso of photograph reads: "Old Cedar Tree - chopped down for alley - Fall - 1965"; Caption on border of recto of photograph reads: "Dec"

Geographic Access: Dominion Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Ardingley-Sprott Area

Images

Baldwin House, Deer Lake Drive

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37346

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1966

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph ; b&w ; 19.5 x 25 cm print

Scope and Content: Photograph of four children (unidentified) playing in the water, in front of the Baldwin House. The Baldwin House was built in 1965 and was designed by architect Arthur Erickson for his friends Dr. William and Ruth Baldwin.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1966

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Baldwin family subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph ; b&w ; 19.5 x 25 cm print

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 357-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: BHS1998-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of four children (unidentified) playing in the water, in front of the Baldwin House. The Baldwin House was built in 1965 and was designed by architect Arthur Erickson for his friends Dr. William and Ruth Baldwin.

Subjects: Buildings - Heritage; Buildings - Residential - Houses

Media Type: Photograph

Photographer: King, Basil

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Geographic Access: Deer Lake Drive; Deer Lake

Street Address: 6543 Deer Lake Drive

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Morley-Buckingham Area

Images

Baldwin House, Deer Lake Drive, 1966 thumbnail

Baldwin House Dining Room

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37347

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1966

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 16 x 19.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the dining room and interior of the Baldwin House at Deer Lake.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1966

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Baldwin family subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 16 x 19.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 357-002

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: BHS1998-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of the dining room and interior of the Baldwin House at Deer Lake.

Subjects: Buildings - Heritage; Furniture

Media Type: Photograph

Photographer: King, Basil

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph.

Geographic Access: Deer Lake Drive

Street Address: 6543 Deer Lake Drive

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Morley-Buckingham Area

Images

Baldwin House Dining Room, 1966 thumbnail

Barbara Martin

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription66695

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [between 1933 and 1940] (date of original), copied 2011

Collection/Fonds: William Martin family fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph (jpeg)

Scope and Content: Photograph of Barbara Martin (later Punnett) standing outside, at the side of the family's Spruce Street home at 3240 Spruce Street (renumbered 5420 Spruce Street).

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [between 1933 and 1940] (date of original), copied 2011

Collection/Fonds: William Martin family fonds

Physical Description: 1 photograph (jpeg)

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 525-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: 2011-11

Scope and Content: Photograph of Barbara Martin (later Punnett) standing outside, at the side of the family's Spruce Street home at 3240 Spruce Street (renumbered 5420 Spruce Street).

Names: Punnett, Barbara Martin

Media Type: Photograph

Photographer: Martin, William

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Geographic Access: Spruce Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Barbara Martin

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription66696

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [between 1933 and 1940] (date of original), copied 2011

Collection/Fonds: William Martin family fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph (jpeg)

Scope and Content: Photograph of Barbara Martin (later Punnett) standing outside on her family's property.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [between 1933 and 1940] (date of original), copied 2011

Collection/Fonds: William Martin family fonds

Physical Description: 1 photograph (jpeg)

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 525-002

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: 2011-11

Scope and Content: Photograph of Barbara Martin (later Punnett) standing outside on her family's property.

Names: Punnett, Barbara Martin

Media Type: Photograph

Photographer: Martin, William

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Geographic Access: Spruce Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Basil Pontifex

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37911

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1947] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.2 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex at the back of 3181 Douglas Road (old numbering).

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1947] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.2 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-499

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex at the back of 3181 Douglas Road (old numbering).

Names: Pontifex, Basil

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying; Negative has a pink cast

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Basil Pontifex

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37912

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1947] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.9 x 2.5 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex at the front of 3181 Douglas Road (old numbering) after a snowfall.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1947] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 3.9 x 2.5 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-500

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex at the front of 3181 Douglas Road (old numbering) after a snowfall.

Subjects: Buildings - Residential - Houses

Names: Pontifex, Basil

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying; Negative has a pink cast

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Basil Pontifex and Joi Barber-Pontifex

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37910

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1947 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.2 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex and Joi Barber-Pontifex standing at the front of 4006 Douglas Road (old numbering) and Gilpin Street.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1947 (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.2 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-498

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex and Joi Barber-Pontifex standing at the front of 4006 Douglas Road (old numbering) and Gilpin Street.

Names: Pontifex, Basil; Pontifex, Joi Barber

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying; Negative has a pink cast

Geographic Access: Gilpin Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Basil Pontifex and Joi Barber-Pontifex, 1947 (date of original), copied 1991 thumbnail

Basil Pontifex in Uniform

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription37909

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1947] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.2 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex, in his firefighters uniform, at 4006 Douglas Road (old numbering) and Gilpin Street. He is standing in front of a car.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1947] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 4.2 x 2.7 cm print on contact sheet 20.2 x 26.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-497

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of Basil Pontifex, in his firefighters uniform, at 4006 Douglas Road (old numbering) and Gilpin Street. He is standing in front of a car.