45 records – page 1 of 3.

King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription36625
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
March 18, 1988
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 16 x 24.5 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of His Royal Highness King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and Queen Silvia of Sweden enjoying a luncheon held at the Swedish Canadian Rest Home and Manor. Gunnar Axelson, president of the Swedish Canadian Rest Home, is seated on the other side of the Queen.
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
March 18, 1988
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Gavel Historical Society subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 16 x 24.5 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
311-007
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS1994-03
Scope and Content
Photograph of His Royal Highness King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and Queen Silvia of Sweden enjoying a luncheon held at the Swedish Canadian Rest Home and Manor. Gunnar Axelson, president of the Swedish Canadian Rest Home, is seated on the other side of the Queen.
Subjects
Buildings - Residential - Seniors Housing
Events - Royal Visits
Names
Silvia, Queen, consort of Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden, 1943-
Carl XVI Gustaf King of Sweden, 1946-
Swedish Canadian Rest Home and Manor
Axelson, Gunnar
Media Type
Photograph
Photographer
Harrison, Jim
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Geographic Access
Duthie Avenue
Street Address
1812 Duthie Avenue
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Sperling-Broadway Area
Images
Less detail

King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia with the Axelsons

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription54225
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
March 18, 1988
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 16 x 24.5 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of His Royal Highness King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and Queen Silvia of Sweden seated in the center, enjoying a luncheon held at the Swedish Canadian Rest Home and Manor. Gunnar Axelson, president of the Swedish Canadian Rest Home, and his wife Mildred Axelson are seated on either side …
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
March 18, 1988
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Gavel Historical Society subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 16 x 24.5 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
311-008
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS1994-03
Scope and Content
Photograph of His Royal Highness King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and Queen Silvia of Sweden seated in the center, enjoying a luncheon held at the Swedish Canadian Rest Home and Manor. Gunnar Axelson, president of the Swedish Canadian Rest Home, and his wife Mildred Axelson are seated on either side of the King and Queen.
Subjects
Events - Royal Visits
Buildings - Residential - Seniors Housing
Names
Silvia, Queen, consort of Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden, 1943-
Carl XVI Gustaf King of Sweden, 1946-
Swedish Canadian Rest Home and Manor
Axelson, Gunnar
Axelson, Mildred
Media Type
Photograph
Photographer
Harrison, Jim
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Geographic Access
Duthie Avenue
Street Address
1812 Duthie Avenue
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Sperling-Broadway Area
Images
Less detail

Windows to Burnaby's past : a preliminary survey of Burnaby's pre-1930 buildings

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/museumlibrary998
Repository
Burnaby Village Museum
Author
Watson, Ann
Publication Date
1985
Call Number
720.971 BUR Ver. 1
Repository
Burnaby Village Museum
Collection
Reference Collection
Material Type
Textual Record
Call Number
720.971 BUR Ver. 1
Author
Watson, Ann
Contributor
Wolf, Jim
Publisher
Burnaby Historical Society
Publication Date
1985
Physical Description
[540] p. : ill. ; 30 cm.
Library Subject (LOC)
Historic buildings--British Columbia--Burnaby
Burnaby (B.C.)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Burnaby (B.C.)--History
Historic Neighbourhood
Capitol Hill (Historic Neighbourhood)
Alta-Vista (Historic Neighbourhood)
Vancouver Heights (Historic Neighbourhood)
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Barnet (Historic Neighbourhood)
Broadview (Historic Neighbourhood)
Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)
Burquitlam (Historic Neighbourhood)
Central Park (Historic Neighbourhood)
Edmonds (Historic Neighbourhood)
East Burnaby (Historic Neighbourhood)
Fraser Arm (Historic Neighbourhood)
Names
Burnaby Historical Society
Notes
"A report of the Burnaby Historical Society." -- Subtitle page
"Prepared by Ann Watson, assisted by Jim Wolf, for the Burnaby Historical Society, May 13 to August 13th, 1985." -- Title page
Includes blibliography
Cross-reference with 720.971 BUR Ver. 2
Less detail

Windows to Burnaby's past : a preliminary survey of Burnaby's pre-1930 buildings

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/museumlibrary6686
Repository
Burnaby Village Museum
Author
Watson, Ann
Publication Date
1985
Call Number
720.971 BUR Ver. 2
Repository
Burnaby Village Museum
Collection
Reference Collection
Material Type
Textual Record
Call Number
720.971 BUR Ver. 2
Author
Watson, Ann
Contributor
Wolf, Jim
Publisher
Burnaby Historical Society
Publication Date
1985
Physical Description
[540] p. : map. ; 30 cm.
Library Subject (LOC)
Historic buildings--British Columbia--Burnaby
Burnaby (B.C.)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Burnaby (B.C.)--History
Historic Neighbourhood
Capitol Hill (Historic Neighbourhood)
Alta-Vista (Historic Neighbourhood)
Vancouver Heights (Historic Neighbourhood)
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Barnet (Historic Neighbourhood)
Broadview (Historic Neighbourhood)
Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)
Burquitlam (Historic Neighbourhood)
Central Park (Historic Neighbourhood)
Edmonds (Historic Neighbourhood)
East Burnaby (Historic Neighbourhood)
Fraser Arm (Historic Neighbourhood)
Names
Burnaby Historical Society
Notes
"Project funded by the British Columbia Heritage Trust." -- Cover
"Prepared by Ann Watson, assisted by Jim Wolf, for the Burnaby Historical Society, May 13 to August 13th, 1985." -- Cover
Includes bibliography
Cross-reference with 720.971 BUR Ver. 1
Less detail

Lochdale's finest recipes

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/museumlibrary7192
Repository
Burnaby Village Museum
Publication Date
1984
Call Number
641.5 LOC
Repository
Burnaby Village Museum
Collection
Special Collection
Material Type
Book
Accession Code
BV017.25.1
Call Number
641.5 LOC
Place of Publication
Burnaby, BC
Publisher
Lochdale Community School
Publication Date
1984
Printer
L. Rasmussen Co. Ltd.
Physical Description
178 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
Inscription
Front cover bottom left: "BRENDT LUKINUK GRADE SIX' [printed in black ink]
Library Subject (LOC)
Cookbooks--1980-1989
Cookbooks--British Columbia--Burnaby
Subjects
Documentary Artifacts - Cook Books
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Object History
The cook books are from her mother's kitchen.
Less detail

Lochdale Community School's Annual Heritage Tea

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription58951
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
1983
Collection/Fonds
Columbian Newspaper collection
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 19 x 25.5 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of children serving tea and cake to two seniors at Lochdale Community School's Annual Heritage Tea.
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
1983
Collection/Fonds
Columbian Newspaper collection
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 19 x 25.5 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
480-1396
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
No restrictions
Accession Number
2009-01
Scope and Content
Photograph of children serving tea and cake to two seniors at Lochdale Community School's Annual Heritage Tea.
Subjects
Persons - Children
Persons - Seniors
Buildings - Schools
Names
Lochdale Community School
Media Type
Photograph
Photographer
Battistoni, Peter
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Note on recto reads: "Alysse Emergy 10 / Thelma Rebeiro / Paolo Agosti 11 / Herman Rebeiro"
Photographer's stamp on verso
Note on verso reads: "Burnaby Today / A-6 / reduce 58% / Senior Citizens"
Newspaper clipping attached to verso reads: "Senior citizens of the area were entertained Monday by students of Burnaby's Lochdale Community School as the school held its annual Heritage Tea. ABove, Alysse Emery, 10 and Paolo Agosti, 11 serve guests Thelma and Herman Rebeiro."
Street Address
6990 Aubrey Street
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

George Easthope on snow plow

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription97773
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
January 1982
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : col. ; 9 cm x 9 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of George Easthope working on a snow removal machine on his property at 6671 Halifax Street.
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
January 1982
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Easthope family subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : col. ; 9 cm x 9 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
451-010
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS2003-06
Scope and Content
Photograph of George Easthope working on a snow removal machine on his property at 6671 Halifax Street.
Names
Easthope, George Jr.
Media Type
Photograph
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Note in black pen on verso reads: "1982 January George Easthope 6671 Halifax St., Burnaby, B.C."
Geographic Access
Halifax Street
Street Address
6671 Halifax Street
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

George Easthope on snow plow

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription97774
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
January 1982
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : col. ; 9 cm x 9 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of George Easthope working on a snow removal machine on his property at 6671 Halifax Street.
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
January 1982
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Easthope family subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : col. ; 9 cm x 9 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
451-011
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS2003-06
Scope and Content
Photograph of George Easthope working on a snow removal machine on his property at 6671 Halifax Street.
Names
Easthope, George Jr.
Media Type
Photograph
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Note in black pen on verso reads: "1982 January George Easthope 6671 Halifax St., Burnaby, BC"
Geographic Access
Halifax Street
Street Address
6671 Halifax Street
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

7342 Curtis Street

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription38276
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[1981]
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 9 x 12.5 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of the house located at 7342 Curtis Street.
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[1981]
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Photographs subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 9 x 12.5 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
382-002
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS1999-12
Scope and Content
Photograph of the house located at 7342 Curtis Street.
Subjects
Buildings - Residential - Houses
Media Type
Photograph
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Geographic Access
Curtis Street
Street Address
7342 Curtis Street
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

Centennial Park

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription45375
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[1981]
Collection/Fonds
Columbian Newspaper collection
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 12.5 x 13.5 cm
Scope and Content
Photograph of the Centennial Park entrance (Burnaby Mountain Park).
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[1981]
Collection/Fonds
Columbian Newspaper collection
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 12.5 x 13.5 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
480-270
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
No restrictions
Accession Number
2003-02
Scope and Content
Photograph of the Centennial Park entrance (Burnaby Mountain Park).
Subjects
Geographic Features - Parks
Media Type
Photograph
Photographer
King, Basil
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Geographic Access
Burnaby Mountain Conservation Area
Centennial Way
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Westridge Area
Images
Less detail

George Easthope

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription97957
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[between 1980 and 1989]
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : col. ; 10 cm x 10 cm
Scope and Content
Polaroid photograph of George Easthope standing in front of the Easthope's house at 6671 Halifax Street. He wears a blue plaid shirt and green pants with suspenders. The lawn in the foreground is heavily shaded by trees.
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[between 1980 and 1989]
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Easthope family subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : col. ; 10 cm x 10 cm
Description Level
Item
Record No.
451-024
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS2003-06
Scope and Content
Polaroid photograph of George Easthope standing in front of the Easthope's house at 6671 Halifax Street. He wears a blue plaid shirt and green pants with suspenders. The lawn in the foreground is heavily shaded by trees.
Names
Easthope, George Jr.
Media Type
Photograph
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Note in black ink on recto of photograph reads: "George Easthope 6671 Halifax St. Burnaby ca. 1980"
Geographic Access
Halifax Street
Street Address
6671 Halifax Street
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

Kneale family home

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription36938
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[198-?] (date of original), copied 1992
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Description Level
Item
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 8.1 x 12.2 cm print
Scope and Content
Photograph of the exterior of the Kneale family home at 6726 Broadway (at Sperling Avenue).
Repository
City of Burnaby Archives
Date
[198-?] (date of original), copied 1992
Collection/Fonds
Burnaby Historical Society fonds
Series
Community Archives Collection series
Subseries
Burnaby Centennial Anthology subseries
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 8.1 x 12.2 cm print
Description Level
Item
Record No.
315-396
Access Restriction
No restrictions
Reproduction Restriction
Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only
Accession Number
BHS1994-04
Scope and Content
Photograph of the exterior of the Kneale family home at 6726 Broadway (at Sperling Avenue).
Subjects
Buildings - Residential - Houses
Media Type
Photograph
Notes
Title based on contents of photograph
Geographic Access
Broadway
Street Address
6726 Broadway
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Sperling-Broadway Area
Images
Less detail

Lochdale Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark668
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1925-1954
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1925-1954
Heritage Value
In the 1931 "Burnaby Year Book" the Lochdale neighbourhood is described as follows: "Lochdale…is situated at the intersection of the Hastings-Barnet road at the point where Sperling Avenue crosses…Situated at the intersection…there are an up to date service station and a general store, at which the Lochdale Post Office is situated. Immediately north of this is the seventy acres on which the Shell Oil Co. are to build an up-to-date refinery...On going south on Sperling Avenue can be found some lovely homes of the residents, all of which possess the most beautiful flower gardens, some of which are hobbies, and some being in the nature of a business. Others are engaged in chicken farming...while others find employment at the Barnet Mill about two miles east on the Hastings-Barnet Road."
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

Shell Oil Company

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark675
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
ca. 1930-1993
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Geographic Access
Kensington Avenue
Associated Dates
ca. 1930-1993
Heritage Value
After considering several sites in the Greater Vancouver area, the Shell Oil Company chose 70 acres in North Burnaby with frontage of one third of a mile on Burrard Inlet. Shell proposed to build a four-million dollar plant that would employ up to 2000 - providing some relief in the middle of Burnaby's economic crisis of the Depression years. The site became known as the Shellburn Refinery and was in operation until 1993.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Westridge Area
Images
Less detail

Westridge Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark680
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1925-1954
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1925-1954
Heritage Value
The Westridge Neighbourhood of Burnaby was created as a new subdivision during the post-World War Two housing boom in Burnaby. Developed by the C.B. Riley Company, it was laid out in a plan contoured to the shapes of the land and was situated to allow residents easy access to main transportation routes.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Westridge Area
Images
Less detail

Lochdale Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark743
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1905-1924
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1905-1924
Heritage Value
"Picturesquely situated on the south-westerly slope of the highest hill on the Burrard Peninsula is a district that in many ways resembles the early pioneer settlements…its centre is at the intersection of east Hastings Street and Sperling Avenue. Only a few years ago a dense forest covered this area and the settlers were few and some distance apart. After the war working men began to enter the Lochdale woods in quest of cheap home-sites. Today there are more than 400 residents in the district who combine to make a happy contented industrious community living on the edge of a big city yet enjoying the life offered by the country...The Community Hall is the centre of all social activities. Dances, concerts and other forms of entertainment are all there...Curtis Street runs from Sperling Avenue up to the hill, locally known as Hastings Grove. From the top on a clear day there is a view for miles around." ~ From the Sunday Province, March 8, 1925.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

Hastings Grove Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark746
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1905-1924
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1905-1924
Heritage Value
During the height of the real estate boom between 1909 and 1913, Vancouver developer Frederick Munson plotted the subdivision of more than 150 acres of land on Curtis Street east of Sperling Avenue, on the newly logged slopes of remote Burnaby Mountain. Burnaby opened up Curtis Street to facilitate access to Hastings Grove and Munson agreed to pay one-third of the cost but never did. He also paid only $1000.00 down on the agreed price of the land. When he failed to make further payments, the mortgage holders foreclosed and re-sold the properties. People who had bought lots from Munson lost not only the land they though they owned, but also the money they had paid for it. Hastings Grove was a disaster. The converted automobile - which served as the bus - stopped running. The few houses and most of the lots reverted to the Municipality because of non-payment of taxes and are now part of Burnaby Mountain Park. The only remaining building is the old Hastings Grove Store which still stands as an apartment building.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

Sperling-Broadway Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark789
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1955-2008
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1955-2008
Heritage Value
By the 1970s, the Sperling-Broadway Neighbourhood was characterised as one of the Municipality's fastest growing residential areas. In 1980, it was estimated that slightly less than half of the homes were single-family residences, while the remaining development was taking the form of townhouse and high-rise apartments. The emphasis shifted back to single family housing during the construction of planned subdivisions such as the Camrose subdivision in the 1980s and the area remains primarily residential in nature. The neighbourhood is well-served by park facilities and is also home to the Burnaby Mountain Golf Course.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Sperling-Broadway Area
Images
Less detail

Lochdale Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark790
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1955-2008
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1955-2008
Heritage Value
Despite the rapid growth witnessed in Burnaby in the post-war years, the Lochdale Neighbourhood was characterised as a close-knit primarily residential community. Although a commercial zone developed along Sperling and Hastings, single-family, duplex and multi-family homes were the primary buildings in the area. Basement suites and student accommodation also flourished in this neighbourhood after the creation of Simon Fraser University on Burnaby Mountain.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Lochdale Area
Images
Less detail

Westridge Neighbourhood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/landmark791
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1955-2008
Repository
Burnaby Heritage Planning
Associated Dates
1955-2008
Heritage Value
The Westridge Neighbourhood is effectively separated into two areas by Inlet Drive. To the west of the highway lies a typical 1950s subdivision of single-family homes, while to the east is a newer (1970s) subdivision featuring larger lots and some low-rise units. In the 1980 Residential Neighbourhood Environment Study, Westridge was characterised as a stable community with little need for direct Municipal involvement in growth and development.
Historic Neighbourhood
Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)
Planning Study Area
Westridge Area
Images
Less detail

45 records – page 1 of 3.