"Agriculture" found 345 records

Scope and Content: File consists of miscellaneous promotional materials and certificates pertaining to agricultural and floral societies in British Columbia, including the Burnaby Rhododendron Society. File also contains one photograph a display at an agricultural fair.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1922 (date of original) -1970

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Bancroft family subseries

Physical Description: 1 file of textual records and 1 photograph : b&w ; 8.5 cm x 8 cm

Description Level: File

Record No.: MSS030-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: May be restricted by third party rights

Accession Number: BHS1986-44

Scope and Content: File consists of miscellaneous promotional materials and certificates pertaining to agricultural and floral societies in British Columbia, including the Burnaby Rhododendron Society. File also contains one photograph a display at an agricultural fair.

Media Type: Textual Record; Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of file

Images

Agricultural and floral societies' papers, 1922 (date of original) -1970 thumbnail

Agricultural Exhibit

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription34526

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1925

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster. Vegetables, fruit, plants, flowers, and trees are on display inside a building. There is electric lighting. A sign on the right is shaped like an arch and reads, "Welcome to Burnaby." A mural showing Burnaby Lake is behind the dis…

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1925

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Photographs subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 038-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS2007-04

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster. Vegetables, fruit, plants, flowers, and trees are on display inside a building. There is electric lighting. A sign on the right is shaped like an arch and reads, "Welcome to Burnaby." A mural showing Burnaby Lake is behind the display.

Subjects: Agriculture - Crops; Exhibitions - Agricultural; Agriculture - Fruit and Berries; Plants - Flowers

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Images

Agricultural Exhibit

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription34527

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1920]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.3 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster. Vegetables, fruit, preserves, flowers, and plants are on display inside a building. There is electric lighting. A sign above the display reads, "Burnaby." A sign above a container on the lower left reads, "Ginseng / Grown in Lozel…

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1920]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Photographs subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.3 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 039-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS2007-04

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster. Vegetables, fruit, preserves, flowers, and plants are on display inside a building. There is electric lighting. A sign above the display reads, "Burnaby." A sign above a container on the lower left reads, "Ginseng / Grown in Lozells District by Mr. Romer."

Subjects: Agriculture - Crops; Exhibitions - Agricultural; Agriculture - Fruit and Berries; Plants - Flowers

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Images

Agricultural Exhibit

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription34528

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1921

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.4 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster. Tables with fruit, vegetables and flowers are displayed. Greenery and photographs (mainly of people) are on the walls, including a portrait of former Reeve Nicolai C. Schou (second portrait from right). A sign in the corner reads, …

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1921

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Photographs subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.4 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 040-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS2007-04

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster. Tables with fruit, vegetables and flowers are displayed. Greenery and photographs (mainly of people) are on the walls, including a portrait of former Reeve Nicolai C. Schou (second portrait from right). A sign in the corner reads, "Burnaby's Exhibit," and a mural hangs on the walls above the exhibit. A woman and man are standing behind a table at the back left.

Subjects: Agriculture - Crops; Exhibitions - Agricultural; Agriculture - Fruit and Berries; Plants - Flowers; Documentary Artifacts - Photographs

Media Type: Photograph

Images

Agricultural Exhibit

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription34530

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1909]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.2 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster showing a display of vegetables, fruit, flowers, plants, and trees inside of a building.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1909]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Photographs subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 20.4 x 25.2 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 041-001

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Accession Number: BHS2007-04

Scope and Content: Photograph of Burnaby's Agricultural Exhibit at New Westminster showing a display of vegetables, fruit, flowers, plants, and trees inside of a building.

Subjects: Agriculture - Crops; Exhibitions - Agricultural; Agriculture - Fruit and Berries; Plants - Flowers

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Images

Annual Exhibition

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/museumdescription1170

Repository: Burnaby Village Museum

Date: September 1908

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Village Museum Photograph collection

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : sepia ; 11.5 x 15.5 cm mounted on card 20 x 25 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of fruit displays at the Central Park Annual Exhibition which took place from September 17 to 18, 1908. The fruits in crates or plates are displayed on tables. Also visible in other sections of the room are floral displays and baked goods. Some of the wooden crates on the table in the fo…

1 image

Repository: Burnaby Village Museum

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Village Museum Photograph collection

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : sepia ; 11.5 x 15.5 cm mounted on card 20 x 25 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of fruit displays at the Central Park Annual Exhibition which took place from September 17 to 18, 1908. The fruits in crates or plates are displayed on tables. Also visible in other sections of the room are floral displays and baked goods. Some of the wooden crates on the table in the foreground of the photograph include insignia: "Grown & Packed by F.R. Stewart & Co. Central Park B.C.".

Subjects: Agriculture - Fruit and Berries; Exhibitions - Agricultural

Names: Central Park Agricultural Association and Farmers' Institute; F R Stewart and Company Limited

Geographic Access: Central Park

Accession Code: BV993.45.2

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Date: September 1908

Media Type: Photograph

Related Material: For another print of the same image, see BV998.30.1

Scan Resolution: 600

Scan Date: 01-Jun-09

Scale: 100

Photographer: Bullen, Harry Elder

Notes: Continuation of title: "... CENTRAL PARK/ SEPT 17-18. '08."; Photographer's annotation reads: "BULLEN PHOTO"

Images

Annual Exhibition, September 1908 thumbnail

Apartment at 390 Howard Avenue

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription79027

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: September 5, 1976

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Public Library Contemporary Visual Archive Project

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 11 x 16 cm mounted on cardboard

Scope and Content: Photograph shows an apartment complex alongside The Tailwagger, a boutique and grooming salon for dogs, at 390 Howard Avenue near Hastings Street. A "Canada Agriculture" car is parked outside.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: September 5, 1976

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Public Library Contemporary Visual Archive Project

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 11 x 16 cm mounted on cardboard

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 556-099

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: 2013-13

Scope and Content: Photograph shows an apartment complex alongside The Tailwagger, a boutique and grooming salon for dogs, at 390 Howard Avenue near Hastings Street. A "Canada Agriculture" car is parked outside.

Subjects: Buildings - Residential - Apartments

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Scope note taken directly from BPL photograph description.; 1 b&w copy negative : 10 x 12.5 cm accompanying; Photographers identified by surnames only: Carr and Vardeman

Geographic Access: Howard Avenue

Street Address: 390 Howard Avenue

Historic Neighbourhood: Capitol Hill (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Capitol Hill Area

Images

Apartment at 390 Howard Avenue, September 5, 1976 thumbnail

At MacMillan's Chicken Farm

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/museumdescription1443

Repository: Burnaby Village Museum

Date: [1915]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Village Museum Photograph collection

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w

Scope and Content: Photograph of an unidentified man sitting on grass and feeding baby chicks from his hand. There is an inverted wooden box behind the chicks that has the name "EDWARDSBURG STARCH" printed on the side. In the background are a chicken wire fence, two barrels, and a shed. The inscription on the photogr…

1 image

Repository: Burnaby Village Museum

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Village Museum Photograph collection

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w

Material Details: inscribed in black ink, verso, t. "At MacMillan's/ Chicken Farm"

Scope and Content: Photograph of an unidentified man sitting on grass and feeding baby chicks from his hand. There is an inverted wooden box behind the chicks that has the name "EDWARDSBURG STARCH" printed on the side. In the background are a chicken wire fence, two barrels, and a shed. The inscription on the photograph identifies the location as "MacMillan's Chicken Farm". Further location or information about the farm is not known.

Subjects: Animals - Poultry; Agriculture - Farms

Accession Code: BV985.5818.1

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Date: [1915]

Media Type: Photograph

Scan Resolution: 600

Scan Date: 2024-02-27

Images

At MacMillan's Chicken Farm, [1915] thumbnail

Bancroft family subseries

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription63795

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1900]-1979

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Subseries

Physical Description: Textual records and other materials

Scope and Content: Subseries consists of publications, correspondence and other miscellaneous papers relating to the Bancroft family's interests and work history. Topics include gardening, raising poultry, the Liberal government and the Royal Canadian Air Force. Also included in the subseries are photographs of the…

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1900]-1979

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Bancroft family subseries

Physical Description: Textual records and other materials

Description Level: Subseries

Accession Number: BHS1986-44; BHS2004-06

Scope and Content: Subseries consists of publications, correspondence and other miscellaneous papers relating to the Bancroft family's interests and work history. Topics include gardening, raising poultry, the Liberal government and the Royal Canadian Air Force. Also included in the subseries are photographs of the Bancroft family and friends and ephemera pertaining to agricultural farming and the air force.

History: Rose Croucher was born to Ann Eliza "Annie" (b. August 1861, d. 1962) and R. Coucher in January 1895. In 1907, the Croucher family moved to British Columbia. As a student, Rose studied geometrical drawing using Blair’s Canadian Drawing Series workbooks. On on February 21, 1914, Rose married James Oakes Bancroft in Vancouver, BC. Together they had three children: James A. (b. 1916 or 1917), Rosie (date unknown), and George E. (b. August 1927). The Bancroft family were poultry farmers throughout the early 1900s, transporting their farmed eggs from Burnaby to the Hudson’s Bay Company Vancouver using the British Columbia Electric Railway system. Rose Bancroft also served as Secretary-Treasurer of the Central Park Poultry Co-op Association in the 1920s until her husband's death in 1930 at the age of 42. In the late thirties and early forties, while James A. Bancroft was stationed in Calgary with the Royal Canadian Air Force, his younger siblings lived together with their mother and grandmother at 1963 21st Avenue in Burnaby. Rosie Bancroft studied French and English history in Social Studies in 1937; her brother George studied the seasons in General Science II in 1942. Rose died in 1965 at the age of 76.

Media Type: Textual Record; Photograph; Cartographic Material

Creator: Bancroft, Rose

Notes: MSS030, PC490, PC507, and MSS110; Title based on creator and contents of subseries

Barn at 6861 Kitchener Street

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription78995

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: October 4, 1976

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Public Library Contemporary Visual Archive Project

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 11 x 16 cm mounted on cardboard

Scope and Content: Photograph shows a barn and lot with a horse grazing at 6861 Kitchener Street near Cliff Avenue.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: October 4, 1976

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Public Library Contemporary Visual Archive Project

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 11 x 16 cm mounted on cardboard

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 556-079

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: 2013-13

Scope and Content: Photograph shows a barn and lot with a horse grazing at 6861 Kitchener Street near Cliff Avenue.

Subjects: Buildings - Agricultural - Barns; Agriculture - Farms

Media Type: Photograph

Photographer: Born, A. J.

Notes: Scope note taken directly from BPL photograph description.; 1 b&w copy negative : 10 x 12.5 cm accompanying

Geographic Access: Kitchener Street

Street Address: 6861 Kitchener Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Lochdale (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Lochdale Area

Images

Barn at 6861 Kitchener Street, October 4, 1976 thumbnail

Barn at Lubbock's farm

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription36520

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1977

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : col. ; 9 x 8.5 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the horse barn at Lubbock's farm. Both the Burnaby Lake Riding Academy and the Burnaby Lake Saddle Club operated out of the Lubbock farm.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: 1977

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Lubbock family subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : col. ; 9 x 8.5 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 289-009

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: BHS1992-24

Scope and Content: Photograph of the horse barn at Lubbock's farm. Both the Burnaby Lake Riding Academy and the Burnaby Lake Saddle Club operated out of the Lubbock farm.

Subjects: Buildings - Agricultural - Barns

Names: Burnaby Lake Riding Academy; Burnaby Lake Saddle Club

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Geographic Access: Grandview Highway; Canada Way; Burris Street

Street Address: 7803 Burris Street

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Morley-Buckingham Area

Images

Barn near Meadow Avenue

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription79687

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: September 23, 1976

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Public Library Contemporary Visual Archive Project

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 11 x 16 cm mounted on cardboard

Scope and Content: Photograph shows a boat inside an old barn near Meadow Avenue and 10th Avenue.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: September 23, 1976

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Public Library Contemporary Visual Archive Project

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 11 x 16 cm mounted on cardboard

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 556-383

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: 2013-13

Scope and Content: Photograph shows a boat inside an old barn near Meadow Avenue and 10th Avenue.

Subjects: Buildings - Agricultural - Barns; Transportation - Boats

Media Type: Photograph

Photographer: Campbell, Peg

Notes: Scope note taken directly from BPL photograph description.; 1 b&w copy negative : 10 x 12.5 cm accompanying

Geographic Access: Meadow Avenue; 10th Avenue

Historic Neighbourhood: Fraser Arm (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Big Bend Area

Images

Barn near Meadow Avenue, September 23, 1976 thumbnail

Barn, paddock and out buildings

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/museumdescription12818

Repository: Burnaby Village Museum

Date: 1977

Collection/Fonds: Century Park Museum Association fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : col. slide ; 35 mm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the barn, fenced paddocks and out buildings on the Lubbock family farm located at 7803 Burris Street.

1 image

Repository: Burnaby Village Museum

Collection/Fonds: Century Park Museum Association fonds

Series: Century Park Museum Association photograph collection series

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : col. slide ; 35 mm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the barn, fenced paddocks and out buildings on the Lubbock family farm located at 7803 Burris Street.

History: In 1977, Century Park Museum was granted access to the Sprott-Lubbock farm to appraise the heritage buildings for preservation. Buildings that were saved included the old farrier shed (BV985.1240.2) which was also used as a blacksmith shop and the Vorce tram station building (BV985.1240.3) from the old Burnaby Lake Interurban line which was used as a grain storage shed on the property. Segments of the original farmhouse and other out buildings were retained. Other buildings on the site were demolished to make way for a new housing development.

Subjects: Agriculture - Farms

Names: Lubbock farm

Geographic Access: Grandview Highway; Burris Street

Street Address: 7803 Burris Street

Accession Code: BV020.5.485

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No known restrictions

Date: 1977

Media Type: Photograph

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Morley-Buckingham Area

Scan Resolution: 2400

Scan Date: 13-Mar-20

Scale: 100

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Images

Barn, paddock and out buildings, 1977 thumbnail

Barns at Oakalla

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription38119

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [195-] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 2.8 x 4.1 cm print on contact sheet 20.1 x 26.5 cm

Scope and Content: Photograph of the exterior of horse and cattle barns at Oakalla Prison Farm.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [195-] (date of original), copied 1991

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Burnaby Image Bank subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 2.8 x 4.1 cm print on contact sheet 20.1 x 26.5 cm

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 370-706

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: Reproduce for fair dealing purposes only

Accession Number: BHS1999-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of the exterior of horse and cattle barns at Oakalla Prison Farm.

Subjects: Buildings - Agricultural - Barns; Agriculture - Farms; Buildings - Public - Detention Facilities

Names: Oakalla Prison Farm

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph; 1 b&w copy negative accompanying; Negative has a pink cast

Geographic Access: Oakmount Crescent

Street Address: 5220 Oakmount Crescent

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Oakalla Area

Images

Barns at Oakalla, [195-] (date of original), copied 1991 thumbnail

Bernard Hill farm

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription35929

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [190-] (date of original), copied 1986

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Description Level: Item

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 12.7 x 17.8 cm print

Scope and Content: Photograph of the Hill brothers Frank, Claude and Gerry and their pet dog riding on hay wagon on their father's farm.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [190-] (date of original), copied 1986

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby Historical Society fonds

Series: Community Archives Collection series

Subseries: Pioneer Tales subseries

Physical Description: 1 photograph : b&w ; 12.7 x 17.8 cm print

Description Level: Item

Record No.: 204-789

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: BHS1988-03

Scope and Content: Photograph of the Hill brothers Frank, Claude and Gerry and their pet dog riding on hay wagon on their father's farm.

Subjects: Animals - Dogs; Transportation - Horses; Agriculture - Crops; Agricultural Tools and Equipment

Names: Hill, A Claude; Hill, Frank; Hill, Minard Gerald "Gerry"

Media Type: Photograph

Notes: Title based on contents of photograph

Geographic Access: Douglas Road; Canada Way

Street Address: 4990 Canada Way

Historic Neighbourhood: Burnaby Lake (Historic Neighbourhood)

Planning Study Area: Douglas-Gilpin Area

Images

Bernard Hill farm, [190-] (date of original), copied 1986 thumbnail

Big Bend flood

https://search.heritageburnaby.ca/link/archivedescription98087

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1999]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby NewsLeader photograph collection

Description Level: File

Physical Description: 3 photographs (tiff) : col.

Scope and Content: File contains photographs of unidentified people after a flood in the Big Bend area. Photographs depict a person standing in a farm field and adjusting a plant at Wing Wong's Nursery, and another person wearing a hard hat and posing with a construction vehicle.

1 image

Repository: City of Burnaby Archives

Date: [1999]

Collection/Fonds: Burnaby NewsLeader photograph collection

Physical Description: 3 photographs (tiff) : col.

Description Level: File

Record No.: 535-3167

Access Restriction: No restrictions

Reproduction Restriction: No restrictions

Accession Number: 2018-12

Scope and Content: File contains photographs of unidentified people after a flood in the Big Bend area. Photographs depict a person standing in a farm field and adjusting a plant at Wing Wong's Nursery, and another person wearing a hard hat and posing with a construction vehicle.